The cut-off value was 5 points.Įthical approval and consent to participate. The score ranges from 0 to 10 with higher score indicating greater intensity of pain. The intensity of pain was measured by the 10-point Visual Analogue Scale for pain (VAS). The total score is obtained by summing/subtracting individual subscale scores taking into account only answered items. FACIT-G is composed of modules evaluating physical well-being, social/family well-being, emotional well-being, and functional well-being, which are related to health-related quality of life. For each subscale possible score ranges from 20 to 80 the higher score indicating greater anxiety.
In the STAI questionnaire, state (X1) and trait (X2) sub-scales were used. The methods used in the study included a diagnostic survey with an original questionnaire constructed by the authors and standardised questionnaires such as the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT-G). The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Wroclaw Medical University (No. All patients gave their informed consent for inclusion into the study and for completing the questionnaires. The duration of the surgical procedure was rather short and took approximately 1–1.5 h. All patients had undergone a surgical operation after filling out the questionnaires. The majority of respondents (n = 66 54.5%) were pensioners, while 51 of them (42%) were employed. Seventy-nine (65%) patients were married. Of this group, 43 (35.5%) patients were under 44 years old, 40 (33%) were between 45 and 62 years old, and the remaining 38 (31%) were over 63 years old. The co-morbidities were as follows: glucose intolerance, arterial hypertension, benign enlargement of prostate, and cataract. The study included 121 patients (60 women and 61 men) treated with laparoscopic surgery (80 cholecystectomies and 41 appendectomies) due to cholecystolithiasis and appendicitis at the General and Oncology Surgery Department at the University Hospital in Wroclaw, Poland between January and May 2016. Ensuring the sense of security, enabling contact with relatives, and creating a proper relationship with a patient may contribute to better understanding the patient’s perspective and may allow possible disorders to be diagnosed in the patient’s behaviour during their entire hospitalisation.Īim of our study was to analyse the impact of selected determinants such as physical activity, self-dependence, and perceived pain on the mood and well-being of patients treated with surgery. Identification of factors that have an effect on the mental status of patients treated with surgery creates the chance to provide comprehensive care in the perioperative period and may contribute to diminishing the occurrence and intensity of negative emotions. Surgery intensifies these feelings because of additional risk of complications, fear of anaesthesia, and perioperative pain as well as worries about a new and potentially unfavourable diagnosis. Long-term hospitalisation associated with isolation affects emotionally both the patients and his/her family. Hospitalisation is associated with stress, anxiety, and loneliness. Every person who crosses the threshold of the hospital and becomes a patient changes his/her behaviour.
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